There are several optimization techniques you can implement on a table to reduce storage and compute costs:
1. Partitioning: Partitioning your table can significantly improve query performance and reduce storage costs. You can partition your table based on a specific column, such as date, so that data is stored in separate parts. This can be particularly useful if you often query data for specific date ranges.
2. Indexing: Proper indexing can greatly improve query performance. However, it's important to find the right balance as too many indexes can increase storage costs and slow down write operations. Indexes should be created on columns that are frequently used in WHERE, JOIN, and ORDER BY clauses.
3. Data Compression: Depending on the database system you're using, you might be able to use data compression techniques to reduce storage costs. This can include techniques like row-level or page-level compression, or even using columnar storage for large data warehousing workloads.
4. Data Archiving and Purging: If your table contains historical data that is no longer needed for day-to-day operations, consider archiving or purging this data. This can significantly reduce storage costs and improve query performance on the remaining data.
5. Normalization: If your table contains redundant data, consider normalizing it. This involves splitting the table into two or more tables and defining relationships between them. This can reduce storage costs and improve data integrity, but it can also increase the complexity of your queries.
6. Use Appropriate Data Types: Using the appropriate data type for each column can also help reduce storage costs. For example, using a smaller integer type (like INT instead of BIGINT) can save space if the larger range of values isn't needed.
7. Column Store Indexes: If you're using a database system that supports column store indexes, these can provide significant performance improvements for read-heavy workloads. Column store indexes store data column-wise instead of row-wise, which can be more efficient for querying large datasets
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